Apparatus for condensing steam.



l). B. MORISUN.

APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING STEAM.

APPLICATION FILED MAYZG, 1913.

Patented Mar. 10, 19%

five/2227 flonaid law [02115021 UNITED STATES PA'ENT OFFICE.

DONALD :BARNS Morrison, or HARTLEPOOL, ENGLAND.

aPPARATUS FOB CONDENSING STEAM.

Specification of ietters'Patent'.

Patented ar. 10,1914.

Application filed May 26, 1913. Serial N 0. 769,929.

To all whom it may cancer-12:.

Be it known that I, DONALD B.- \RNS Moni- SON. a subject of the King ofGreat Britain and Ireland, residingat-.Hartlepool, in the county ofDurham, England, have invented "the Improvement in. and, Connected withApparatus for Condensing Steam, of which H the following is aspecification.

'I have found by investigation and experijment that'c'ondensing'efiiciency is promoted ."m a surface condenser whenthe aerated steam isso delivered as to pass over the condensings irface in a continuouscurrent liav-,

. mg uni 'o'rm distribution and uniform direcj'tion' o'f'jilow toward.the outlet or outlets jfrorn the condensing, cha mbei'.

It is known tliat the insulating effect oftheai'r -particles hicliimpinge on the tubes at t'li'esteaimentry -is prejudicial toconfdcns'in'g elliciericy,-whilc at the exit the air density may be suchas to render thetube Q: surface practically ;dens: tion f vapor,

inoperative for the con- It is linowi that steam enters a condenser, asfor example from a steam turbine, at a elocity 'of a'bout' five hundredfeet per secj end, and that at this "elocity the-kinetic energy of flowis considerable.

, In surface condensers in which the direc- 30,

tiQIl Of the steam flowovcr the surface at the entry is notlinearly.toward the surface at the exit, a whirling effect is produced whichconducive to the formation of leddics, this eflcct being intensified byirregular or disturbed inlet currents. In turbine driven warships, forexample, it is usually whereby they cause cumulative insulatingnecessai, to provide a condenser with a side inlet or an end inlet. Sucharrangements facilitate cddying and cause air particles to makerepeated. appearances in a given plane .:efi"ect and reduce theetiiciency of the heat ,transferringsurfaces.

The object of the present invent-ion is a construction of surfacecondenser whereby the steam is so delivered as to pass over thecondensing surface in a continuous current having such uniformdistributionjand such direction as will promote stream-lines of flowvertically or obliquely downward'to- 'ward the air outlet or air outletsso that cddying of air particles in their passage, through thecondensing chamber is minimized or prevented, and as willenable thekinetic energy of flow to be utilized as far as practical conditionswill allow, for, as it were, compressing-the air into the air outlet orair outlets and so assisting the air, pump to maintain in its airsuction system,

under given conditions a minimum of air pressure, whereby. the wei ht ofair nornially contained in the condensing chamber is so reduced and theair insulating effect on the heat transferring efficiency of the-tubesurface is so. lessened that a give'n quantity of condensing water at agiven inlet temperature will carry 011" more heat, the temperature ofthe condensing chamber being thereby lowered and the vacuum raised.

.The accompanying drawings, which are.

more or less diagrammatic, illustrate-various constructions ofcondensers according to my invent-ion.

I Figure 1 is a vertical cross section of a surface condenser that is ofV-shaped section. Exhaust steam is delivered to the condenser a throughthe inlet '6, and the air is withdrawn, together it may be with thewater of condensation, from the tubeless chamber-n through the outlet f.The steam inlet e is divided by the plates p intopassages a a, a, a, ina known manner, but

according to this invention, the passages are b b b, b toward theperforated plate I with the object of compressing the air into thetubeless chamber n forming part'of the air pump suction'system, and thuspr0in0ting the etliciency of the air pump.

n Fig. 2 which is a modification ofFig;

1, the plates in the exhaust steam inlet e are omitted, and the steamdirecting plates 6 are arranged in the steam space etween the first rowof condensing tubes and the exhaust steam inlet, the stream lines ofsteam fiow being, directed by the pa ssages b, b,

and 1) toward the opening j into the tubeless chamber 11, from which theair and 5 water are separately withdrawn through the outletsfand-m.

Fig-3 illustrates .the application of my invention to a circularcondenser. example the plates b, extend from the exhaust steam inlet ato approx'imately half way'across the condenser, the passages b, 2 3directing the stream lines of steam flow toward the opening 3' into anaircooling chamberd from which the air is withdrawn through the outletf, the water .of condensation being withdrawn through the outlet ml Inthe condensershown in'Fig. 4, the exhaust steam inlet e is at the top,the flow of steam being directed across thecondenser means of the platesbto the outlet fby which extend fromthe first row of tubes. toward theperforated plate I through which the'air is delivered into thetubeles'scham- 26 her n forming part of the air pump suction system;

I am aware that it is common practice to arrange plates ina condenser.inlet to strengthen the structure and to assist indis- 30 tributing theentering steam, and I amalso aware that the'dispositionof the tubesrtogcther with the rapid condensation of the 'rapor tend to quickly destroythe lrinetic energy of flow, but bythe' judicious disposition of steamdirecting, plates according to my invention, the, useful eftept of thekinetic energy is increased in the manner hereinbefore described.

The construction according to this inven- 40 tion maybe applied tocondensers of any design and to any disposition or angle of steamsupply, also the directing plates may be coincident with, or terminatebetween, guide plates such as described and illustrated in thespecification 0t Letters Patent No. 979,540 of 1910.

Vhat I claim is o 1. In steam condensing apparatusastcam condensingcompartment having condensing 5 tubes, an inlet for steam,

nected to an air pump 'suctin system, and a plurality of plates arrangedwith their up- .per extremities lying in planes parallel with thedirection of steam flow through said in let, the lower extremities ofsaid plates being so directed that the stream lines of steam lowdeflected by theplates are directed towardsaid air outlet, thusutilizing the kinetic energy of the steam to compress the air throughthe air outlet into said pump suction system. 2. In steam condensingapparatus,asteam condensing -compartment havizzg a steam intomultiplepassages'a plurality of plates- In this vper extremities lying in planespara 'lel' with -reeted toward said air outlet.

plurality of an air outlet con inlet that is dividedjby. longitudinalplates-:1

extending into said condensing Jcompart-"z ment andso arranged that thesteam cur-1 rent-issuing-from said pass'ag 'isdetiected-r. by saidplurality of plates and o directed that its stream linesof flow aretoward .the oflo air outlet from said condensing chamben jf, for thepurpose set forth.=. I i I;

3.; In steam condensing apparatusfithe combination with asteamcondensing co partmentof steam current deflecting. plaig arranged in thesteam inletto' said compartment, said plates directing' the-' steamcurrent toward the air outlet.

4. In steam condensing apparatus, the eombination with a steam'condensing'co'mpartment-of steam current-deflecting plates arranged inthe steam space precedinglthe. condensingsurface, said plates directing;the steam current toward the air outlet 5. In steam condensing appaiatusasteamcondensing compartment having eond'ensing tubes, an inlet forsteam an larl disposed with regard to an air. dug and a plurality ofplates, arranged wit heir npthe direction of steam'fiow through saidinlet, the lower extremities of said plates being so directed that thestream lines of steam flow deflected by the plates are-dil I G. In steamcondensing apparatus,asteam condensing compartment havingcondensingtubes, an inletfor steam, an air outlet, a plurality of platesarranged with their upper extremities lying in planes parallel with thedirection of steam flow throughsaid inlet. the lower extremities of saidplates, be-. ing so directed that the streanr lines of steam (lowdeflected by the plates, are directed toward said-air outlet, and anoutlet chamber with which said air oritlet'ucommunieates, said chamberhaving an outlet for fluid.

7. In steam condensing apparatus, a steam" condensing compartment having'dpndensing tubes. an inlet for steam, an a'l outlet,-a

plates arranged wit their upper extremities lying in planes parallelwith the direction of steamfiow thijbugh said inlet, the lmi'erextremities of said plates be- 115 in; so ull'CCtQ d that the streamlines of steam flow deflected by platesaredirectcd toward saidair'outlet, and an air cooling chamber with which said air outletcommunicates. '12P In steam condensing apparatus,aste am condensingcompartment having condensing tubes. an inlet for steam, an air outlet,av plurality of plates arranged with their, up per extremities lying inplanes parallel with 125 the-direction of steam flow through said inlet;the lower extremities of said plates be- I ingso directed that thestream lines of steam flow deflected by the plates are directed towardsaid air outlet, and an air cooling chamber with which said air outletcommunicates, said chamber having sepa rateoutlets for air and water.

Signed at- West Hartle pool, in the county of Durham, England, this 8thday ef May DONALD BARNS MORISON. Witnesses:

HARRY GOTHEYILL, JAMES CAMDEN RUSSELL.

